Ocular Histoplasmosis is a condition where scars have formed on the retina due to a fungus commonly found in the Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys. Histoplasmosis is contracted by inhaling these fungal spores from dust. Over 50% of the people living in this area are carriers and usually contract the infection in childhood. Some people may not be affected their entire life while others may develop respiratory infections and other flu-like symptoms.

The retinas in the eyes become affected in some individuals by scarring as a result of this fungus. The effects on the eyes vary based upon the location within the eye in which the scars form. If the scars form in the peripheral area of the retina, a patient may never detect its presence. If the scars form on or near the macula, the patient may experience a blind spot. Choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM) can develop within the center of such scars.

Patients with histoplasmosis or at risk for the disease should perform an Amsler grid test at home each day. The test is available by clicking here.

Signs and Symptoms
blind spots
scars on the retina

Diagnosis
With a dilated fundus examination, histoplasmosis can be diagnosed and the presence of CNVM ruled out. Often, Histoplasmosis is shown to the patient upon completion of a fluorescein angiogram or fundus photography.

Treatment
Usually, treatment is not needed unless abnormal blood vessels (CNVM) are growing in which case, laser treament may be advised. In few cases, surgical treatment may be advised for blood vessel removal.

Visit the National Eye Institute for more information on histoplasmosis.

The Retina Eye Center provides this information for educational and communication purposes only and it should not be construed as medical advice. Information published on this website is not intended to replace, supplant, or augment a consultation with an retina professional regarding the viewer's own medical care. The Retina Eye Center disclaims any and all liability for injury or other damages that could result from use of the information obtained from this site.